Peng Cheng , Yongqin Fan , Houtian Tang , Ke Liu , Shiman Wu , Gaoli Zhu , Ping Jiang , Weili Guo
a School of Management, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, Hubei Province, China
b School of Public Affairs, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian Province, China
c School of Public Administration, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
d School of Public Administration, Nanjing University of Finance & Economics, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
e School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei Province, China
f Guangxi Institute of Natural Resources Survey and Monitoring, Nanning, 530219, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
Abstract:
Based on the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Web of Science (WOS) databases, this article analyzes the deductive context, cooperation network, and research hotspots of land development rights (LDR) research in the Chinese and international literature by using CiteSpace software, and it also explores the implications of this research for the theory and practice of national territory spatial planning (NTSP) in China. The results show that (1) the literature on LDR in Chinese and international journal articles initially appeared in 1995 and 1973, respectively, researches in China experienced three stages: embryonic fluctuating development, rapid growth and stable development, and wave development, while international researches experienced two stages: embryonic fluctuating and a gradually increasing development. (2) Among these scholars and research institutions, there is no obvious difference between Chinese and international scholars, while the Renmin University of China and the State University System of Florida are the research institutions with the largest number of Chinese and international journal articles, respectively. (3) In terms of publishing journals, international journals mainly focus on land policy, cities, and resource fields, while Chinese journals mainly focus on the agricultural economy, civil and commercial law, economic systems, and macroeconomic management fields. (4) The direction and scale of thematic research vary greatly, with Chinese research mainly conducted from the perspectives of rights attribution and benefits distribution, while international research mainly focuses on the operation of the right-to-development system and its impact on the environment. In the future, studies focus on China's need to strengthen the research and institutional practice of LDR at the legal level, value level, and extension level following national conditions, formulate a land value-added benefit distribution system with efficiency and fairness, and strengthen the practice of LDR in China's NTSP based on the differences between urban and rural development.
Keywords:
Land development rights; China's national territory spatial planning; Land value-added benefits; Hotspot research; Visual analysis; CiteSpace
Jieyong Wang , Haonan Zhang , Yaqun Liu , Yingwen Zhang , Haitao Wang
a Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
b College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
c Capital City Environmental Construction Research Base, Beijing City University, Beijing 100083, China
d Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
Abstract:
Impacted by large-scale and rapid rural industrialization in the past few decades, China's rural settlements are confronted with the risk of heavy metal pollution stemming from industrial production, which might pose a significant threat to the rural habitat and the well-beings. This study devised a relative risk model for industrial heavy metal pollution to the rural settlements based on the source-pathway-receptor risk theory. Using this model, we assessed the risk magnitudes of heavy metal pollution from industrial production at a 10 km × 10 km grid scale and identified the characteristics of the risk pattern in China. Our finding reveals: (1) the relative risk values of wastewater, waste gas and total heavy metal pollution are notably concentrated within a confined spectrum, with only a small number of units are characterized by high-risk level; (2) Approximately 21.57 % of China's rural settlements contend with heavy metal pollution, with 4.17 %, 9.84 % and 7.55 % being subjected to high, medium and low risks, respectively; (3) The high-risk units mainly is concentrated in the developed areas such as Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, and the Beijing-Tianjin metropolitan area, also dispersed in the plain areas with high rural population density. Guided by these insights, this study puts forth regionally tailored prevention and control strategies, as well as distinct process prevention and control strategies.
Keywords:
Heavy metal pollution; Rural settlements; Risk pattern; China
Linna Li, Jiayuan Cai, Wenfeng Chen
Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
Abstract:
Transport development has often been regarded as a solution for increasing rural income. However, most existing studies focusing on the promotion effects of transport development on rural income fail to provide quantitative analysis of its influencing pathways. This study investigates the pathways linking county-level transport development to rural income in China. We first examined the spatial pattern of transport development, including density, proximity, and accessibility, in all Chinese counties from 2014 to 2019. Then, we analyzed both the association and influencing pathways between transport development and rural income using structural equation modeling (SEM). Finally, we compared the various effects and pathways among counties with different terrains, geographical locations, and poverty conditions through multigroup SEM analysis. The results suggest that transport development is associated with an increase in rural residents’ income primarily through the pathways of increasing nonfarm employment ratios, improving agricultural labor productivity efficiency, boosting urbanization rates, and enhancing access to basic public services. The most significant pathways through which transport development contributes to rural income growth in China are changes in nonfarm employment ratios and urbanization rates. The impact of transport development on rural incomes is more pronounced for counties in plain areas than counties in hilly and mountainous areas, more substantial in eastern counties than in central and western counties, and more pronounced in non-poverty-stricken counties than poverty-stricken ones. It is argued that transport alone cannot lead to significant rural revitalization in rural China; it must be accompanied by industrial development strategies.
Keywords:
Transport development; Nonfarm employment; Rural income; China; Structural equation modeling (SEM)
Link: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tbs.2023.100708
Na Zhao , Kainan Chen , Xiaoran Wu , Lili Zhang , Wei Wang
a State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
b College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
c Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographic Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China
d First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, People's Republic of China, Qingdao 266061, China
e Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
Abstract：
CONTEXT: There is an urgent need for a comprehensive assessment of cropland fragmentation that can provide valuable insights for guiding policies related to cropland protection, restoration, and other relevant measures. Despite the growing number of studies focusing on cropland fragmentation, a nationwide, long-term, and fine-scale understanding of the spatiotemporal changes in cropland fragmentation across China remains lacking.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to construct a novel comprehensive index that quantitatively assesses the level of farmland fragmentation, to fully elucidate the spatial and temporal dynamics of farmland fragmentation in China at the county level over the last two decades, and to identify the relationships between farmland fragmentation and key factors from anthropogenic and natural perspectives.
METHODS: Utilizing the 30 m annual and continuous time series Landsat-derived annual China land cover dataset (CLCD) from 2000 to 2021, we integrated three landscape pattern metrics- patch density (PD), mean patch area (MPA), and edge density (ED)- to devise a new comprehensive cropland fragmentation index (CFI). We also developed a Beta regression method to identify the relationships between CFI and key factors from human and natural perspectives.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The results show that counties with high cropland fragmentation (CFI > 0.8) are predominantly located in the central part of China and the coastal areas, and the counties with low cropland fragmentation (CFI < 0.2) are mainly in the North China Plain, the Northeast Plain, and some areas in the northwest. Among counties experiencing an increase or decrease in fragmentation, the primary types of cropland conversions are between cropland and grassland, as well as between cropland and forests. A third major type of conversion involves the transformation of cropland into impervious surfaces. CFI had a significantly negative linear relationship with total area of cropland in each county while showing a positive relationship with the total cropland patches in each county. The variables CFI and slope, and CFI and nighttime light (NTL) data, exhibited a quadratic parabolic relationship.
SIGNIFICANCE: The findings presented in this study provide crucial insights into the underlying causes and patterns of farmland fragmentation in China. These insights will serve as a valuable resource for policymakers and land managers, enabling them to devise effective strategies for sustainable land use planning and promoting rural development in the country.
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