刘彦随等: 转型发展期“多规合一”理论认知与技术方法Yansui LIU:Theoretical analysis and technical methods of“multiple planning integration”in the rural to urban transition period in China
转型发展期“多规合一”理论认知与技术方法
刘彦随1,2，王介勇1
(1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京100101；2. 北京师范大学土地与城乡发展研究院，北京100875)
摘 要：中国工业化、城镇化已进入转型发展新阶段，创新驱动发展与体制机制约束的矛盾加剧，资源短缺性及其配置低效性日益凸显，“多规合一”受到各级政府和学术界的广泛关注。推进“多规合一”，创新区域规划理论与技术方法，构建中国特色的国土空间规划体系成为当前全面深化改革的重要议题之一。本文深入分析了中国“多规不一”现实问题，总结了“多规”矛盾的本质特征，探讨了“多规合一”的战略定位，构建了“三主三分”的“多规合一”基本理论框架，提出了“三步走”多规逐步调适的技术途径及其长效机制。“多规合一”的核心在于从区域空间优化的战略高度统筹协调各项规划，科学引导城乡土地优化配置，实现“多规”在空间上的同一性、在功能上的融合性、在发展过程中的协同性。“多规合一”的重点是推进形成一个总分有序、层级清晰、职能精准的区域规划体系。
关键词：“多规合一”；国土空间；空间规划体系；主导功能；县域
Theoretical analysis and technical methods of“multiple planning integration”
in the rural to urban transition period in China
LIU Yansui1,2,WANG Jieyong1
(1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
2. Academy of Land and Urban-Rural Development, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)
Abstract: In recent years, China’s industrialization and urbanization have entered a new transformational stage of development. The contradictions between innovation- driven development and institutional constraints are intensified, and the problems of resource shortage and inefficiency of resource allocation are becoming increasingly prominent. Therefore, multiple planning integration that merges economic and social development planning, urban spatial planning, and land use planning into an overall planning system has received wide attention from academics and governments at all levels. Promoting multiple planning integration and innovating the theories and technical methods of regional planning, as well as constructing the spatial planning system of national territory with Chinese characteristics, have become an important issue in further reform. This study analyzed the practical problems of planning segregation and essential characteristics of multiple planning contradictions and discussed the strategic positioning of multiple planning integration. Then we constructed a basic theoretical framework of multiple planning integration with“three primaries”and“three separations”. Finally, the technical approaches and long-term mechanisms for gradual multi-plan adjustments were proposed. It can be concluded that the essence of multiple planning integration is to integrate and coordinate all plans at the strategic level of regional spatial structure optimization, and guide the optimization of urban-rural land allocation so that it can achieve spatial consistency, functional integration, and coordination in the development process. Multiple planning integration is neither to prepare a plan nor to focus on solving the greatest common divisor of existing multiple plans, but to promote the formation of a regional planning system with the characteristics of overall-and sub-planning, clear hierarchy, and functional specificity.
Key words: multiple planning integration; national territory; spatial planning system; dominant function; county
